Time-dependent construction social costs model

Negative impacts of construction works on local traffic, environment and business have been pointed out by previous researchers. However, little work has been conductd on the quantification of such costs. A time-dependent construction social costs (COSCO) model is developed for quantifying the negative impacts that result from construction operations during the field execution phase. The COSCO model is a simplified but practical model that calculates the construction social costs in a conservative way. A roadwork construction project is used to show the applicability of the COSCO model. It is found that the daily social cost was US$18 188-5.52 times the project construction cost. This is a striking illustration of management techniques for mediating the social costs of construction projects.