External uncertainty factors and LCC: A case study

Life cycle cost (LCC) is a significant consideration in any decision-making process. Although a body of knowledge exists on LCC in construction, little exists on the uncertainties during the operational period. A case study of French high-rise social housing is examined to identify some factors causing uncertainty. The historical data from these buildings are analysed to estimate the impact of some external factors (functional changes, technological changes, and regulatory changes) on the life cycle cost. New formulae for integrating this impact into the calculation of LCC are proposed and cost indicators are suggested for the LCC evaluation of similar buildings. The findings are a step towards a higher level of reliability in LCC evaluation taking account of some usually unexpected uncertainty factors.