Implementations of resilience engineering for natural system disturbances: A panarchical perspective

This body of work seeks to advance knowledge of resilience and resilience engineering (RE) from a practical and theoretical perspective. Three distinct applications of resilience and RE that align two fundamental frameworks are presented. The first application, a vulnerability assessment, exemplifies the largest scale of panarchy and the measuring aspect of RE. The second application, a Bayesian network approach, exemplifies the intermediate scale of panarchy and the modeling aspect of RE. The third application, an engineering design project using analytical hierarchy process (AHP), exemplifies the smallest scale of panarchy and the building aspect of RE. Studying these applications enriches understanding of complex-adaptive system, informing decision-making and building system resilience. The diverse socio-ecological systems evaluated, in the Western US and Nepal, differ in vulnerabilities and strengths, providing opportunity to observe variations in linkages and sensitivities. This work aims to increase awareness of RE uses, benefits, and challenges from a demonstrative context.