Data integration and transfer methodologies in industrial construction

The construction industry is currently implementing data integration strategies using separate but related concepts. The integrated database (IDB) concept helps engineering and construction firms to reduce internal data transfer barriers and become more productive. Data transfer technology allows firms to transfer data externally between trading partners and significantly reduce materials management costs. Each of these concepts enhances the overall flow of project management information. In order to examine the current state of these technologies within the construction industry, an extensive literature review concerning these strategies, as well as case studies involving Construction Industry Institute (CII) member firms, were undertaken. Integrated database (IDB) systems in design, construction, and facility management in the building industry allow projects to be designed, constructed, and managed as a facility without re-keying any data, thereby conserving data resources. CII member firms and others are implementing this technology in different forms. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), a relatively new data transfer technology, is the direct computer-to-computer exchange of standard format business documents. Experience in other industries indicates that EDI has a strong potential for reducing purchasing and accounting related costs, increasing purchasing professionalism, eliminating paperwork, increasing purchasing lead time, reducing inventory, reducing data transmission errors and improving materials management planning,. Case studies involving EDI implementations by CII member firms confirm these productivity gains and indicate that EDI has potential for tangible cost savings within the construction industry. The implementation of IDB and EDI within a specific owner, designer, or contractor firm depends on many factors. Guidelines for implementing these technologies are presented, as are actions that must be taken by the U.S. construction industry as a whole.