Evaluation of indicators for participatory and collaborative design process for public parks in Malaysia: Analytical hierarchy process

Public participation is deemed relevant and essential for ensuring a holistic approach with equal weighting in implementing the three sustainable pillars of environment, economy and society. Malaysia’s effective implementation of sustainable development frameworks also relies heavily on public participation activities. This participation allows for the incorporation of diverse perspectives, knowledge and experiences, ensuring that decisions and policies address the needs and aspirations of the affected community. This study examines the ranking of indicators for public participation exercises in park design in Malaysia. Using the analytical hierarchy process, 22 indicators from three main clusters were evaluated using a quantitative approach based on the opinions of subject matter experts. The methods of approach, types of public and public park design criteria are discussed in the results for the three construction phases recommended for implementation. This study establishes ranking indicators for each cluster relative to the three stages of development. The findings contribute to improving the present work process of the landscape architecture department at local authorities in Malaysia, ensuring an enhanced, holistic and impactful approach to participatory and collaborative design processes for public parks in Malaysia.