Implementing effective knowledge management in international construction projects by eliminating knowledge hiding

Effective knowledge management (KM) and knowledge sharing (KS) are critical for the success of international construction projects (ICPs), but they are often hindered by knowledge-hiding (KH) behavior. This study examines the complex and multifaceted factors that affect KH in ICPs, informed by role identity theory (RIT) and social exchange theory (SET). In particular, we investigate how ethnic minorities (EMs), contingent workers (CWs), and interpersonal justice (IJ) influence KH in these projects. Using structural equation modeling (SEM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs), we reveal the significant effects of EMs and CWs on KH and the partial mediation of IJ between EMs and KH. We also find that control variables such as gender and age have significant impacts on KH. The findings underscore the pivotal role of inclusive practices in mitigating KH and enhancing KM in ICPs. This research provides actionable insights for creating a transparent and inclusive knowledge-sharing culture in multicultural project teams, which contributes to improved project outcomes and organizational success. This study also paves the way for future research on power asymmetries, contextual factors, and the influence of organizational cultures, leadership styles, and team dynamics on KM in ICPs.