Cost difference of buildings in Kathmandu constructed with and without earthquake safer features

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate increase in the cost of reinforced concrete buildings in Kathmandu valley constructed using earthquake safer features in comparison with that of buildings constructed using conventional approach without earthquake safety features. Design/methodology/approach: Five buildings constructed using earthquake safer features and five buildings constructed without using these features are selected. A cost comparison of both types of buildings is done, and the total cost is also compared for structural, nonstructural and service components in the buildings. Findings: The cost analysis of buildings constructed in Kathmandu valley shows that there is 10 per cent increase in cost for earthquake safer construction in comparison to construction using conventional approach. This increase in cost can be a deterrent factor for house owners to switch to safer construction practices which ultimately leads to lack of compliance from house owners. A successful implementation of building code in a country like Nepal, where most of the buildings are constructed from informal sector, requires compliance of the code from all stakeholders. Awareness raising can be a deciding factor for success in building code enforcement. Research limitations/implications: The study is done for only two types of constructions prevalent in Kathmandu: one using simplified codal method and another using conventional method. Only five samples of each types are taken into consideration. The building sample, however, is typical and representative of the two types of the construction practice. Practical implications: The information from this study will be useful for making policy decisions for enforcement of building codes and also for assessment of economic loss in future earthquakes. Social implications: This research output will help to redesign building code enforcement projects in Nepal and other countries in the region with similar issues. Originality/value: The building samples, analysis and output are original contribution of authors, and it contributes to fulfill the gap for such study.