Proposed enhanced spectra for near-fault regions using forward directivity records

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a proper tool for structural analysis and designing in near-fault regions where the level of earthquake hazard is more and its nature is different from far-field regions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper uses near-fault records and pulse extraction using wavelet analysis and designs a spectra concept. Findings: The paper developed a proper design spectra for near-fault structural analysis and design. Originality/value: This paper using pulse extraction for developing a 3D response spectrum with paying attention to earthquake magnitude is new and final design spectra proposed is valuable.